Archives for May 2012

No Convincing Evidence that Cell Phones Cause Cancer

May 23, 2012 | by

A new report by the U.K. Health Protection Agency’s independent Advisory Group on Non-ionising Radiation (AGNIR) has concluded that there is no convincing evidence that mobile phone technologies cause adverse effects on human health. The report updates AGNIR’s previous review in 2003 that considers the scientific evidence on exposure to radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields, which are produced by mobile phone technologies and other wireless devices, such as Wi-Fi, as well as television and radio transmitters.

Cell phone radiation

Cellular Dynamics International: Top Innovative Company in Biomedicine

May 22, 2012 | by

Cellular Dynamics International is one of 10 biomedicine companies included in Technology Review’s 50 Most Innovative Companies (TR50) for 2012 [1].

Cellular Dynamics International

Genetic Test Results Do Not Trigger Increased Use of Health Services

May 21, 2012 | by

People have increasing opportunities to participate in genetic testing that can indicate their range of risk for developing a disease. Receiving these results does not appreciably drive up or diminish test recipients’ demand for potentially costly follow-up health services, according to a study performed by researchers at the National Institutes of Health and colleagues at other institutions.

Genetic Testing

Washington State Pertussis Epidemic Highlights Importance of Vaccination

May 18, 2012 | by

In early April, the Washington State Department of Health declared a pertussis (whooping cough) epidemic. The state has seen over 1,200 cases so far this year, and officials suspect there will be at least another few thousand cases before year’s end; levels that haven’t been seen in over 60 years. In response to the declared epidemic, the state has been working to make vaccines more accessible to uninsured patients. Additional response measures have included urging employers to encourage employee vaccination and instructing hospitals to vaccinate new parents.

Pertussis

New Breathalyzer Checks for Signs of Disease

May 17, 2012 | by

A new breath analyzer called the Single Breath Disease Diagnostics Breathalyzer has the capacity to check for a variety of biomarkers, or biological indicators, of disease. The breathalyzer, invented by Dr. Perena Gouma of Stony Brook University, uses a sensitive ceramic chip to detect molecules in exhaled air that are only present in the case of particular disease processes. For instance, the concentration of ammonia in the breath gives information on how much waste is in the blood, which would allow home hemodialysis patients–hemodialysis is a technique used to clean waste out of the blood in the event of insufficient kidney function–to monitor their treatments. Similarly, the chemical acetone, found in nail polish remover, is a biomarker for uncontrolled diabetes.

The challenge associated with analyzing the breath for signs of disease is that there might be only a few biomarker molecules among billions of total molecules per exhaled breath. Tiny nanowires are responsible for the chip’s sensitivity. Notes Dr. Gouma:

There can be different types of nanowires, each with a tailored arrangement of metal and oxygen atoms along their configuration, so as to capture a particular compound. For example, some nanowires might be able to capture ammonia molecules, while others capture just acetone and others just the nitric oxide. Each of these biomarkers signal a specific disease or metabolic malfunction so a distinct diagnostic breathalyzer can be designed.

Gouma envisions a future in which the device could test for infection as well, noting that the wires could be programmed to detect viruses or bacteria. While the breathalyzer isn’t yet available to the public–testing is still underway–Gouma hopes to see the device hitting the consumer market within a few years.

Source: National Science Foundation